How to Check the Causes of CNC Grinding Machine Malfunctions

There are various types of CNC systems for CNC grinders, but regardless of the type of CNC system, the following methods can be used to comprehensively diagnose faults when they occur.

(1) Intuitive method: It is to use human senses to pay attention to the phenomenon when a malfunction occurs and determine the possible location of the malfunction. If there is a malfunction, check for any abnormal noise or sparks, burnt areas, or abnormal heating, and then further observe the surface condition of each circuit board that may have malfunctioned, such as whether there are burnt or blackened areas on the circuit board or whether electronic components have exploded, in order to further narrow down the inspection scope. This is a * - basic, * - simple method, but it requires machine tool maintenance personnel to have a certain level of maintenance experience.

(2) The hardware alarm function of the CNC system using a CNC grinder: the alarm indicator light can determine the location of the fault. There are many alarm indicator lights on the hardware circuit board of the CNC system, which can roughly determine the location of the fault.

(3) Fully utilize the software alarm function of the CNC system: CNC systems all have self diagnostic functions. During the operation of the system, the self diagnostic program can be used to quickly diagnose the system. Once a fault is detected, it will be immediately displayed on the formal screen in the form of an alarm or various alarm lights will be lit. During maintenance, the fault of the machine tool can be found based on the alarm content prompts.

(4) Utilizing the diagnostic function of status display: The CNC system can not only display fault diagnosis information, but also provide various states of machine tool diagnosis in the form of diagnostic addresses and diagnostic data. For example, it provides the input/output signal status of the interface between the system and the machine tool, or the input/output signal status of the interface between the PC and the CNC device, or between the PC and the machine tool. The status display on the screen can be used to check whether the CNC system has input signals to the machine tool or whether the switch information of the machine tool has been input to the CNC system. In short, it is possible to distinguish whether the fault is on the machine tool side or the CNC system side, thereby narrowing the scope of inspection for CNC machine tool faults.

(5) When a CNC grinder malfunctions, the parameters of the CNC system should be checked in a timely manner: changes in system parameters can directly affect the performance of the machine tool, and even cause the machine tool to malfunction, rendering the entire machine tool inoperable. External interference may cause changes in individual parameters stored in the memory. Therefore, when the machine tool experiences some inexplicable faults, the parameters of the CNC system can be checked.

(6) CNC grinder spare parts replacement method: When analyzing the machine tool failure and finding that it may be a circuit board fault, a spare board can be used for replacement, which can quickly determine the faulty circuit board. However, when using this method, the following two points should be noted:

① Attention should be paid to the position of each adjustable switch on the circuit board. When replacing the board, care should be taken to ensure that the set states of the two exchanged circuit boards are completely consistent, otherwise the system will be in an unstable or suboptimal state, and even an alarm may occur.

② After replacing certain circuit boards (such as CCU boards), it is necessary to reset or input the parameters and programs of the machine tool.

(7) Using the detection terminals on the CNC grinder circuit board: There are detection terminals on the circuit board for measuring circuit voltage and waveform, in order to determine whether the circuit is working properly during debugging and maintenance. But when testing this part of the circuit, one should be familiar with the circuit principles and logical relationships of the circuit. In the case of unfamiliar logical relationships, two identical circuit boards can be compared for detection to discover the fault of the circuit board. In short, once a CNC machine tool malfunctions, maintenance personnel can correctly determine the cause and location of the fault by following the above detection steps and methods.